Table 4    examples of functional and energy essence

 

Table 4.1 functional essence

 

 

PROCESS, system

 ELEMENTs OF System

static ELEMENT

energetic ELEMENT

functional ELEMENT

 1

Water turbine

Stator of  turbine

Water stream

Rotor of  turbine

 2

Steam turbine

Stator of  turbine

Steam jet

Rotor of  turbine

 3

Spark-ignition engine

Engine cylinder

Explosive mixture

Piston

 4

Rocket, spacecraft

Combustion chamber

Burning gas

Rocket casing (covering)

 5

Electric motor

Stator

Winding

Rotor

 6

Transformer

Transformer core

Primary winding

Secondary winding

 7          

Steam engine:

 

Piston motion

Engine cylinder

Steam

Piston

Piston-rod pull

Piston guide

Piston

Piston-rod

Flywheel rotation

Flywheel journal

Piston-rod

Flywheel

Slide-valve shift

Slide-valve chest

Slide-valve rod

Slide-valve

 8

Javelin throw

Firm ground

Man

Javelin

 9

Movement of man

Ground

Legs, man

Man

10

Forearm movement

Arm bone (humerus)

Muscle

Forearm bones (radius, ulna)

11

Wood chopping

Chopping block

Axe

Log

Axe movement

Ground

Man

Axe

12

Tape-recorder head

Core

Coil

Magnetic head

13

Microphone

Case

Air wave motion

Membrane

Permanent magnet

Membrane

Coil

14

Incandescent lamp

Battery

Mains

Filament

15

 

Carburetter

Float-chamber

Float

Petrol

Suction

Cylinder

Piston

Explosive mixture

Mixing

Mixing tube

Air

Petrol

16

Skier

Sloping ground

Gravitational force

Skier

Ground

Snow

Skier

17

Reducing valve

Valve bushing

Spring

Valve cone

Valve bushing

Steam

Valve cone

18

Paper shearing

Lower leg

Upper leg

Paper

19

Car movement

Roadway

Wheels

Undercarriage with vehicle body

Undercarriage

Engine

Wheels